my JavaScript is turning into 'callback hell' with nested callbacks, how to fix?

hey everyone, i'm super new to javascript and trying to get my head around asynchronous programming. it makes sense conceptually when i read about it, but when i actually try to write code, it gets kinda confusing super fast. im constantly running into situations where i have one function calling another, and then another one inside that, all relying on callbacks to get the results. this results in like really deeply nested code blocks, and someone on another forum mentioned something called 'callback hell' and i'm pretty sure that's exactly where i'm at right now. i've heard whispers about things like promises or async/await but i'm not sure how they fit in or what the best way to use them is.

so, what are the best practices or modern approaches to handle multiple asynchronous operations without ending up in this messy nested callback situation? i'm really struggling to keep my code readable and maintainable right now, it just feels like a mess